ID:PTM140716846
Introduction
Dengue fever is an infectious disease that continues to plague the lives of Malaysians. Year after year, dengue cases is increasing despite numerous awareness campaigns carried out throughout the country. Malaysia is among the countries that are at the top in the number of dengue cases in the world. This is not an achievement to be proud of.
Last year, a total of 41.226 cases of dengue fever have been confirmed and 88 of these cases have resulted in death. This total of 92% indicates pelonjakkan dengue cases compared to the year 2012 and 151% increase in cases of dengue fever were fatal.
What is dengue and how is it spread?
Dengue fever is an infectious disease that can be prevented. It is caused by four viruses (DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3, DEN-4) of the Flaviviridae virus.
Humans are infected when bitten by a female mosquito that has been infected. Typically mosquito after sucking the blood of patients infected with dengue fever. Infected mosquito can transmit the virus to humans in their lifetime. Female mosquitoes can transfer the virus to eggs.
Dengue fever can not be spread from one patient to another patient directly. It is clear here that the female Aedes mosquitoes play an important role in ensuring the dangerous dengue fever continue to exist in our country.
Individuals who have suffered from dengue fever can still be infected again if a mosquito bites an individual who carries the virus from a strain that is different.
Why dengue fever can exist in Malaysia?
Weather in our country that receives direct sunlight and rain throughout the year to create conditions suitable for breeding "vectors" or carriers of the dengue virus. Important vector in our country is the female mosquito Aedes egypti. These mosquitoes breed in clean water reservoirs such as flower pots, rain water reservoir in the tire or debris and water bathing pool and others.
What are the symptoms of dengue fever?
After being bitten by a female mosquito that is infected, the virus can stay in the blood vessel system for 3 to 14 days and cause disease. Manifestations of dengue fever vary depending on age and level of immunity of a person. For children rather large as well as adults, signs of dengue fever is not much different from other viral infections (viral fever) as follows: -
fever
Aching joints and muscles
Pain behind the eyes
headache
Nausea and vomiting
rash
Bleeding gums (due to the decrease in blood clotting cells)
Baby is not immune from this dangerous outbreak. Signs of infection in infants is relatively non-specific, such as fever, rash and less feeding. The fever may last up to 10 days 7-.
Dengue hemorrhagic fever / dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) Vs Severe Dengue?
Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever or DHF is the old classification of the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1997, which were previously used to label a serious case of dengue fever. This classification was changed to 'Severe Dengue' as research shows that the manifestations seen in patients other than reducing blood clotting cells, is not due to 'bleeding' but rather to channel the blood vessels become more permeable to fluid in the blood.
As a result of the blood vessels 'leak', the fluid in the blood flow into the living space, such as lung and intestine that can cause deterioration of the clinical condition of the patient, such as shortness of breath, internal bleeding and seizures. Reduction in blood pressure as a result of the ongoing 'leak' blood vessels can eventually lead to death.
Dengue fever is a complex disease that are difficult to predict. Not all cases of dengue fever will persist into Severe Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever or Dengue. Identifying 'sign - warning sign' is very important so that treatment can be given without delay.
Among the signs "warning" a person may be or have suffered 'Severe Dengue' is as follows:
Severe abdominal pain
frequent vomiting
Bleeding gums, nose
Patient restless or very weak
Other signs also exist which can be detected by a medical practitioner through physical examination and blood analysis.
How dengue infection is confirmed?
In the early stages of fever, blood tests 'Full Blood Count' may be normal or decreased white blood cell count and blood clotting cells followed. Liver enzymes may also show abnormal readings.
To confirm dengue infection, the test can be carried out, including the detection of dengue antigen in the first 5 days of the appearance of symptoms or detection of antibodies against the virus 5 days after that.
What is the treatment and vaccine for dengue fever?
There is no specific treatment for dengue fever. Treatment given only in the form of support. Monitoring of blood pressure, heart rate and speed of blood analysis is an important component that is focused by the treating doctor.
Vaccine for dengue is still in its test and development then no longer be used for the foreseeable future.
There is no clinical evidence to prove that taking food such as crab soup, pomegranate juice or any -What medicines and supplements can help in the treatment of dengue fever.
Prevention is better than cure
Among the practices that can be applied are the steps to avoid mosquito bites. Aedes mosquitoes usually like to bite in the morning and evening periods. But this does not mean that we will not be bitten by a mosquito on time - another time.
Steps that can be taken, including wearing pants and long sleeves, wearing bright, close windows at - time of mosquito active, and wearing mosquito repellent or mosquito nets. There are also creams such as lemongrass-based commercially available on the market that can be used in the event will be going through a lot of mosquitoes in the area.
However, a more practical measure would eliminate the Aedes mosquito from breeding. Actually it is very easy if everyone is to make sure the home and surroundings clean and free from becoming a mosquito breeding.
Make sure there is no stagnant water in or out of our homes. Bath house with a pool can use 'Abate' is a drug that kills mosquito eggs. Guppy fish can also be used to eliminate the mosquito eggs for those who like to plant ornamental plants in pots with a reservoir of water.
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